Der Weg zu einer eigenständigen Verwaltungsgerichtsbarkeit in der Russischen Föderation

After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the Russian Federation had to go through a daunting transformation process that also affected the entire legal system. However, Russia still has no separate administrative jurisdiction. In this study, the author systematically describes the development of administrative legal protection from its historical beginnings in the Kievan Rus through the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union up to the present. In the process, forms of contemporary administrative legal protection are described in detail from a legal perspective. Administrative proceedings take place primarily within the economic and ordinary courts. The necessity and advantages of separate administrative courts in the Russian Federation are obvious, for example regarding the development of rule-of-law principles and practical aspects. The reform attempts in 2000 and 2006, in particular the respective legislative drafts that foresaw separate administrative courts, are discussed in depth. This is followed by a depiction of various possibilities for the future design of administrative jurisdiction. The current development in the legislative process is taken into consideration in the afterword, as only recently have Russian lawmakers halted the legislative procedures for introducing administrative courts, deciding against the establishment of separate administrative jurisdiction. Still, as a result of the reform process that lasted for several years, there is now a Code for Administrative Legal Procedures in the Russian Federation that will take effect as of 15 September 2015.